ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:With the deepen understanding on the biological function of Rho/ROCK pathway, new ROCK inhibitors continue to be discovered, and ROCK inhibitors show good promoting effects on the survival, proliferation and migration of keratocytes. Research on ROCK inhibitors wil provide more donor materials or seed cels for regenerative medicine and clinical cel transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To summarize and explore the progress in the treatment and application of corneal disease using the ROCK inhibitors Y-27632 and Y-39983. METHODS:The PubMed database and CNKI database were retrieved by computer to search the relevant literature published between 2008 to 2015 using the key words of “corneal endothelial cel, corneal epithelial cel, ROCK inhibitor, Y-39983, Y-27632” in English and Chinese, respectively. Relevant articles in line with the theme were screened and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Totaly 264 papers were initialy searched. At last, 45 papers were selected. Currently there are two main ROCK inhibitors: Y-27632 and Y-39983, but both of which are stil in basic research stage and clinical testing stage. Y-27632 promotes the proliferation and activity of corneal epithelial stem cel after resuscitation; Y-39983 as a novel ROCK inhibitor can be better to inhibit Rho kinases activity than Y-27632, thereby more effectively promoting the healing of the corneal endothelium. There are many studies on the application of ROCK inhibitors in corneal treatment, but not a stable method established to obtain seed cels. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and how to overcome these disadvantages and to find fast and stable access to seed cels is the future direction of development.
ABSTRACT
Genomic DNA from 17 primary human tcsticular seminomas was screend for the presence of mutations in exon 5 - 8 of P53 gene, using the single strand conformation polymorphism assay, followed by direct DNA sequencing. P53 mutations in one alle'e leading to an amino acid change were identified in 4 of 17 seminomas. Sites of mutations were in exon 5(codon 141), exon 7 (codon 238, codon 258) and exon 8(codon 279). The present study suggests that mutation of P53 gene is involved in the development of human testicular seminoma.
ABSTRACT
The numbers of nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) were counted by one-step silver colloid technique in 6 cases of normal bladder tissue, 9 chronic cystitis and 56 transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. The results revealed that the mean number of AgNOR per nucleus was not statistically different between normal bladder tissue and chronic cystitis while a significant difference was observed between normal, or inflammatory tissue and malignant tissue or between various grades of bladder tumor. The results also indicated that the mean number of AgNOR per nucleus was closely related to the prognosis of bladder tumor. So it is suggested that the AgNOR counting with silver stain technique may play a role in the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions and in the grading and prognosis of bladder tumors.